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Built on the western slopes of Mt. Helicon near ancient Stiris, the Monastery of Hosios Loukas is one of the most important and bestpreserved monuments of Byzantine culture. A structure displaying high art and aesthetics, from the time it was built in the 10th century it was an artistic model and point of reference for all of Central and South Greece. During the period of Latin and Ottoman rule (13th c. onward), the monastery encountered adverse conditions. During its more recent history, Ottoman forces caused serious damage during the Greek War of Independence (1823), as did bombings carried out in World War II (1943).